Deterrence And The Death Penalty - 3425 Words

Running head: Deterrence and the Deterrence and the Death Penalty Sherelle Gordon Virginia State University Deterrence and the Death Penalty The idea of capital punishment deterring crime is difficult to determine; some could rationalize that the death penalty should in theory stop potential murders from committing crimes. However, this rationalization has never been concretely proven. The research into capital punishment’s effect on deterrence is immense; however, the majority of research on this issue has differential findings. Although some research suggests conclusively that capital punishment deters crime, others found that it fails to do this. Understanding deterrence, the death penalty, and the results of†¦show more content†¦Beccaria suggested if the punishments were done immediately after the crime, then these punishments would make for a more effective legal system (as cited in Paternoster, 2010). According to Paternoster (2010), the majority of Beccaria’s original deterrence ideals concluded that self-interest to commit an offense could be stopped by legal punishments that are definite, relational, and immediate. Paternoster (2010), determined that Beccaria provided the rational authority with applied strategies to make legal systems more cogent and effective. However, according to Paternoster (2010), Beccaria fell short in providing a developed theory of crime or criminal conduct; he also failed to provide a theory of behavior other than the conception that offenses are motivated by self-interest. Alternatively, Paternoster (2010), suggested that Bentham displayed a more developed deterrence theory model of human conduct. Bentham identified that human behavior is directed by the pursuance of pleasure and the evasion of pain (as cited in Paternoster, 2010). Bentham’s pleasure principle is defined by the benefits; while the pain principle is the costs (as cited in Paternoster, 2010). Bentham specified four elements of pleasure and pain; physical, political, moral or popular, and religious (as

The Importance of Math Skills In Manufacturing Free Essays

The importance of mathematical skills is extremely evident in the field of manufacturing. In many cases, Jobs in manufacturing revolve around math and the skills that come along with It. Often the success of manufactured products depend on the correctness of several different fields of math that are used in the processes that take place in a plant. We will write a custom essay sample on The Importance of Math Skills In Manufacturing or any similar topic only for you Order Now The financial success of a manufacturer can also often depend on mathematical skills. Between the quality of products and their production prices and all that goes along with creating a product, math is the center piece of manufacturing. In manufacturing, the quality of the products produced Is one aspect that really depends upon math. This is because measurements taken must be precisely taken or the product may be defective. Also calculations of quantities of something needing to be made have to be exact. This Is where the amount of profit made depends on mathematical skills, because if too much or to little of something is made It will hurt the profits made by that specific good. Because of this, whoever Is In charge of quantity in production must be good with taking in previous data and estimating hat’s needed. Often times skills with conversions are also required because of the diversity of measurements that could field, which is very common, one must have be knowledgeable with decimals, because often very small measurements are used along with the machines’ preciseness. Throughout the field of manufacturing, mathematical knowledge is an essential skill to have. It is crucial to be good with numbers and measurements if one wants to succeed in manufacturing. This comes into play throughout the field of manufacturing, because math is used so often in so many different instances for many different reasons during the process of The quality of the products produced rests on the correct measurements and calculations of what needs to cut or aligned or whatever the the case is. The prices of these products also often depends on math, because the right amount of goods have to be estimated or the price can be drastically affected, which can in turn have large affects on profits of the manufacturer. Truly, math skills will either make or break someone in the field of manufacturing, because it is so important to most Jobs in the field. How to cite The Importance of Math Skills In Manufacturing, Essays

Critical Evaluation of Evidence for Health- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theCritical Evaluation of Evidence for Health Professionals. Answer: Introduction Health professionals should be well-informed with current knowledge to allow them to deliver effective care and remain professionally pertinent. Also, it is vital for care providers to investigate the quality of new evidence before application in practice. Nursing research allows nurses to embrace best practice and evidence-based practice (EBP). The primary role of EBP is to deliver the most effective care that is available, with the aim of promoting patient outcome. This role is buttressed by the fact that clients expect to receive the best care based on the present evidence. EBP promotes a culture of inquiry in healthcare professional. It also promotes patient safety, improves clinical outcomes and minimises variation in patient outcomes (Boswell Cannon, 2015). Nurses thus require critical appraisal skills as well as tools to advance their practice. Critical evaluation skills help users to determine which evidence is authoritative for use in practice. This assignment will evaluate the evidence presented in two articles on the use of stimulants to improve academic performance. Part B will discuss the barriers to the application of evidence in practice and how closely the articles adhere to the PICO elements. Hildt, E., Lieb, K., Franke, A. G. (2014). Life context of pharmacological academic performance enhancement among university students a qualitative approach. BMC Medical Ethics, 15(1), 23-23. doi:10.1186/1472-6939-15-23 Authorship The authors are better placed to explore this topic due to their qualification and experience of working in the university. Hildt is an expert in philosophy and heads neuroethics research groups. Besides, her focus and interest is neurophilosophy, neuroethics and human genetics (Illes Sahakian, 2013). Her knowledge in this area allows a better understanding of the human brain, principles of thoughts and conscience (Rabadan, 2015). Hildt is affiliated to the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz. Lieb and Franke are experts in psychiatry and psychotherapy. Based on their expertise, these authors understand mental illnesses and prescriptions. Both authors are affiliated to University Medical Centre where they work in the department of psychiatry and psychotherapy. The three authors declared that they have no competing interest in relation to the topic of study. Research aims The study aimed to investigate the students experience and the effects of the use of prescription and illicit stimulants such as methylphenidate and amphetamines. Their research questions were: Why are stimulants used in academic contexts either by students and other persons? What are the impacts? Does the usage of stimulants in academic contexts offer benefits? How are students life affected? What are the side-effects encountered? (Hildt, Lieb, Franke, 2014).The authors noted that there was lack of evidence-based data about the circumstantial factors as well as the real world impacts of academic performance enhancement through the use of stimulant drugs. This argument was used to justify the need for study. Design The study used a sampling methodology, whereby 18 university students were involved. Only the participants who reported non-medical intake of illicit and prescription stimulants to improve academic performance were included in the study. A face-to-face interview was then conducted with a focus on the research questions. In a population, random sampling ensures that a subset (n) of the target population (N) is recruited. This method was appropriate for this study because the findings can be generalized (Bornstein, Jager Putnick, 2013). Also, the researchers can tailor the questions based on sociodemographic factors. Findings The findings answered the aim and research questions comprehensively. Based on the conclusion, students consider stimulants as beneficial for enhancing academic performance and leading an active life. Students indicated that they use stimulants to maximise time, enhance motivation and help in memorizing (Hildt, Lieb, Franke, 2014). On the effects of stimulants, the conclusion notes that there is inconsistency in the use of stimulants and academic performance. Strengths and weaknesses The primary strength of the study is the use of randomised sampling, which allows for the generalisation of results (Greenhalgh, Bidewell, Crisp, Lambros, Warland, 2017). Also, the right population was selected for this study. The major weakness of the research is coercion and undue influence over the student participating in the study. Students can offer informed consent in research; however, in a student-tutor relationship, it might be challenging to determine whether consent was sought. Munro, B. A., Weyandt, L. L., Marraccini, M. E., Oster, D. R. (2017). The relationship between nonmedical use of prescription stimulants, executive functioning and academic outcomes. Addictive Behaviors, 65, 250-257. doi:https://ift.tt/2fDSHfZ Authorship The authors have expertise in diverse fields and can articulate the issue of the use of stimulants effectively. They integrated interdisciplinary knowledge to examine the topic. Both Munro and Weyandt are engaged in interdisciplinary neuroscience program and are affiliated with the University of Rhode Island. Marraccini, on the other hand, has expertise in medicine and is affiliated with several institutions including the University of Rhode Island. Oster specialises in psychology enabling them to understand the human brain and its functions. Oster is also affiliated with the University of Rhode Island. All the authors indicated that they did not have interests to disclose in relation to the study (Munro, Weyandt, Marraccini, Oster, 2017). Research aims The aim of their study was to analyse the relationship between nonmedical use of prescription stimulants (NMUPS) and executive functioning (EF) among college students. The authors hypothesised that students who have EF problems are likely to use NMUPS to enhance academic performance. Additionally, they hypothesised that NMUPS would facilitate the association between academic performance and EF (Munro, Weyandt, Marraccini, Oster, 2017). The authors justified the study by arguing that previous studies had not focused on the link between EF and NMUPS among college students. Design In this research, a convenience sample was selected from the eligible participants. Specifically, participants were recruited through email and Facebook web pages. A secure and encrypted site was used to allow the students deliver their feedback. The student demographic information was collected through questionnaires. A stimulant survey questionnaire (SSQ) was then used to quantify the extent of NMUPS (Munro, Weyandt, Marraccini, Oster, 2017). The SSQ was appropriate for the study because it consists of a self-reported part, which allows students to answer yes or no. In addition, BDEFS for adults was also used to evaluate the misuse of stimulants among the selected population. The BDEFS was effective because it is inexpensive and offers useful information on a facet of EF in everyday activities (Barkley, 2011). Findings The findings of this study supported only one hypothesis. Based on the results, students who had EF problems had higher chances of NMUPS than those without EF problems. Nevertheless, the findings failed to support the hypothesis that there is a positive relationship between NMUPS and academic performance (Munro, Weyandt, Marraccini, Oster, 2017). Strengths and weaknesses The strength of this article is the focus on the relationship between EF and NMUPS only. This focus led to a comprehensive study that answers the hypothesis succinctly. The main weakness of the study was the use of a convenience sample, which limits the generalisation of the results. The barriers for the application of evidence in practice Several factors act as barriers to the implementation of research findings. The lack of enough time for searching and reading articles is a key barrier (Al-Kubaisi, Al-Dahnaim Salama, 2010). In one study, it was found that only 4.8 percent of nurses had read scientific articles weekly. This study also found that about 17.5 percent of all the nurses did not read scientific articles entirely (Oh, 2008). Based on the fact that clinical science databases are updated constantly, and illnesses, drugs and treatment techniques are constantly changing, failure to read scientific works is a serious thing. Another barrier is the lack of adequate time to execute new ideas. Nurses require enough time for research and implementation of clinical findings (Bahadori, Raadabadi, Ravangard, Mahaki, 2016). However, most nurses feel that their workload does not leave adequate time as well as energy to execute new ideas. This belief causes most nurses not to apply the evidence of research in practice. T ime management is thus an important barrier since implementing research evidence is time-consuming (Tacia, Biskupski, Pheley Lehto, 2015). The lack of enough facilities and equipment to apply new evidence is a barrier. Some healthcare institutions fail to provide the needed facilities to facilitate the application of findings. This factor leaves nurses with no proper setting to use the evidence drawn from their research. The lack of interest in research causes nurses fail to embrace empirical evidence in practice. Some nurses have a negative attitude towards research and thus do not appreciate new evidence. Additionally, nurses might lack the authority to change the techniques and patterns of care. These barriers are mainly individual factors although institutional factors play a fundamental role in the application of evidence in practice (Shifaza, Evans Bradley, 2014). How closely the research studies provided align with the PICO question/elements PICO is an acronym for population, intervention, comparison and outcome, a tool that is often used for inquiry search in health (Richardson-Tench, Taylor, Kermode, Roberts, 2016). In the PICO question, the population (P) is university performance, intervention (I) is stimulants and outcome (O) is academic performance. To determine how closely the research articles align with the PICO elements, there is a need to analyse their methods and methodology. The closeness of the article to the PICO is determined by the participants included in the study and interventions used. In the first article, Hildt and colleagues seem to deviate a bit from the PICO elements. The selected population in the study was right since only university students were included. Also, the intervention was right based on the PICO question because the authors focused on the use of stimulants only. However, the authors did not measure academic performance as the sole outcome. Instead, they focused on other outcomes such as general effects. The second article by Munro and colleagues was closely related to the PICO elements. The researchers did not seem to deviate from the PICO elements in the recruitment of participants and measuring of outcomes. In this research, Munro and colleagues recruited university students, focused on the use of stimulants and measured academic achievement as the only outcome. Conclusion As discussed in this assignment, the authors of the two articles strived to investigate the use of stimulants to improve academic performance. The articles seem to agree that university students use stimulants often. However, there is no evidence that stimulants improve academic performance. The two studies note that stimulants might improve awareness, memorisation and motivation, but may not improve direct academic performance. Wasim can use this evidence to determine if stimulants are related to high academic performance for university students. The student would realise that the use of smart drugs does not improve objective performance. The evidence provided by the two articles is authoritative since the authors know how the human brain functions. They are also affiliated with reputable universities and used primary data from university students who have been using stimulants. The other area of focus for this assignment was the barriers to the implementation of evidence in practic e. Most of the barriers arise from personal factors and can be addressed. Nurses require more knowledge on how to use scientific databases and time management skills for application of evidence in practice. References Al-Kubaisi, N.J., Al-Dahnaim, L. A. Salama, R. E. (2010). Knowledge, attitudes and practice of primary health care physicians towards evidence-based medicine in Doha, Qatar. East Mediterr Health J.16(11), 1189-1197. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21218744 Bahadori, M., Raadabadi, M., Ravangard, R., Mahaki, B. (2016). The barriers to the application of the research findings from the nurses perspective: A case study in a teaching hospital. Journal of education and health promotion, 5(1) 14. doi: 10.4103/2277-9531.184553 Barkley, R, A. (2011). The Barkley deficits in executive functioning scale. New York, NY: Guilford Press. Bornstein, M. H., Jager, J., Putnick, D. L. (2013). Sampling in developmental science: Situations, shortcomings, solutions, and standards. Developmental Review, 33(4), 357-370. doi: 10.1016/j.dr.2013.08.003 Boswell, C., Cannon, S. (2015). Introduction to nursing research. Jones Bartlett Publishers. Greenhalgh, T.M., Bidewell, J., Crisp, E., Lambros, A., Warland, J. (2017). Understanding research methods for evidence-based practice in health 1e Wileyplus learning space Wiley e-text powered by Vitalsource. Wiley. Retrieved from https://ift.tt/2xjnxVh 1ACUsearch_scope=61ACU_Alltab=61acu_alllang=en_US Hildt, E., Lieb, K., Franke, A. G. (2014). Life context of pharmacological academic performance enhancement among university students a qualitative approach. BMC Medical Ethics, 15(1), 23-23. doi:10.1186/1472-6939-15-23 Illes, J., Sahakian, B. J. (Eds.). (2013). Oxford handbook of neuroethics. Oxford University Press. Munro, B. A., Weyandt, L. L., Marraccini, M. E., Oster, D. R. (2017). The relationship between nonmedical use of prescription stimulants, executive functioning and academic outcomes. Addictive Behaviors, 65, 250-257. doi:https://ift.tt/2fDSHfZ Oh, E. G. (2008). Research activities and perceptions of barriers to research utilization among critical care nurses in Korea. Intensive and Critical Care Nursing, 24(5), 314-322. doi: 10.1016/j.iccn.2007.12.001 Rabadn, A. T. (2015). Neuroethics scope at a glance. Surgical neurology international, 6, 183. doi: 10.4103/2152-7806.171249 Richardson-Tench, M., Taylor, B., Kermode, S., Roberts, K. (2016). Inquiry in health care (5th [ACU] ed.). South Melbourne, Australia: Cengage Learning. Shifaza, F., Evans, D., Bradley, H. (2014). Nurses Perceptions of Barriers and Facilitators to Implement EBP in Maldives. Advances in Nursing, 2014. https://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/698604 Tacia, L., Biskupski, K., Pheley, A., Lehto, R. H. (2015). Identifying barriers to evidence-based practice adoption: A focus group study. Clinical Nursing Studies, 3(2), 90-96. doi 10.5430/cns.v3n2p90

Mother Courage And Her Children By Brecht Essays -

Mother Courage And Her Children By Brecht In 1939, on the eve of the Nazi Holocaust, the great German playwright Bertolt Brecht wrote Mother Courage and Her Children. For the setting of his play, he chose the Thirty Years' War, the senseless 17th century European conflict that pitted Protestants against Catholics and laid waste to whole lands and peoples. Spanning the years 1618-1648, it was the most destructive war in European history until modern times. It was a war which seemingly no one wanted but which no one could stop once it had gained its brutal momentum. The play came too late to be of consequence in World War Two, but it has played to great effect on the world stage ever since, becoming Brecht's most popular work after The Threepenny Opera. Mother Courage herself has become a theatre archetype of the indomitable, irrepressible human spirit. For all its epic scope--rolling through Sweden, Poland, Saxony, Bavaria and Alsace--the play is an intensely personal journey. It centers on a woman, Mother Courage, who owns a rolling canteen wagon and who follows the war selling victuals and sundries to its troops. She is an earthy peasant, a hearty cynic who profits from slaughter, and who actually fears that peace may break out. Mother Courage knows no loyalty but to her business and to her family whom she tries to protect from the ravages of the carnage. Eventually, the war exacts its pound of flesh, its payment for her long feeding upon it. One by one, all her children become fodder for the ravenous maw of the conflict, victims of the very virtues which she has instilled in them for survival. This is a deeply human play. Mother Courage embodies the best, and worst, of all of us in similar circumstances. With a single mindedness that produces real heroism, she negotiates the wake of the war. Ruthless, fiercely selfish, clever and conniving in defense of her small moveable turf, she is completely understandable. In her bawdy humor, tenderness and rue, she is utterly human and sympathetic. In the end, like in any tragedy, it is her great will and indomitable spirit which is both her ruin and her triumph.

New Deal (yes) essays

New Deal (yes) essays The New Deal was a plan that took action in the 1930s to counteract the crisis of the depression. Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected during this time and brought ideas that he had while serving as the governor of New York. The biggest achievements of the New Deal were the unemployment rate went down, the economy stabilized, and the country abandoned the gold standard. With the New Deal President Roosevelt established many new organizations whose sole purpose was creating jobs for the unemployed. These companies became known as alphabet agencies because they were often known by their initials. The largest of these was the Consumer Conservation Corps (CCC). The CCC created jobs like raking leaves in parks and digging ditches so that people would have an annual source of income. Another Big organization was the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA). The TVA produced hydroelectric power plants that are still in use today. With these companies the unemployment rate dropped from 25% to nearly 15% during the years of the depression. The decrease of unemployment helped to stabilize the economy. With people having more money, they were able to spend it on personal luxuries that helped boost the economy by creating more need for jobs. During the depression many companies that had made millions in the twenties were struggling. The Ford Company had become very powerful but their prices were becoming unreasonably high. General Motor Company helped bring the price of cars down by creating competition with Ford. Many other companies struggled during this time, but they survived with the New Deals help and were able to stay afloat until World War II. Another great achievement of the New Deal was President Roosevelts decision to remove the country form the gold standard. The fold standard based the value of a dollar on the weight of gold. Abandoning this standard stabilized the value of currency. Wit ...

Change the Culture of an Organisation Essay Example for Free

Change the Culture of an Organisation Essay The culture of an organization can be defined by the ‘way they do things’, this means the way they make decisions, operate and how they choose and achieve their objectives. As culture is a set of values and practices, changing it may be difficult and a long process, especially if the change is organized by a new chief executive. Changing the culture of an organization may not be easy especially if the new chief executive does not fully understand the previous culture and therefore does not embrace it in the change. This lack of knowledge may result in an inappropriate culture being chosen that could limit the company’s performance as productivity reduces. An example of a badly imposed culture can been seen with the Chrysler and Damier-Benz merge in 1998. Damier-Benz imposed their traditional and structured German culture on the free-spirited American car company Chrysler. The extremely different cultures created tension that later affected their efficiency as decision-making took longer and the workforce were not happy. The inappropriate culture resulted in a loss of $1.5 billon by 2006. In 2011, the new chief executive of Tesco, Phillip Clarke, also made a cultural change which proved unsuccessful. He proposed a strategy to change Tesco’s brand image to be known for â€Å"highly valued brands† as opposed to their cheaper â€Å"Value† products. The decrease in popular promotion deals such as vouchers and meal deals reduced their sales revenue and share value which fell by 15% by the end of 2011. This suggests that Clarke failed to identify Tesco’s main source of competitively. Therefore, both examples show that cultural changes may be difficult as the new chief executives lack knowledge and experience in the company. Culture change also takes a long time, especially as traditions and values are set. A prime example of this is with Sony. Sony is a Japan-based company who prides themselves in adopting a traditional Japanese business culture. Examples of their culture can be seen with their clear line of authority and their strong belief in respect. However, Sony’s reducing performance and the fast changing world alarmed the new chief executive, Howard Stringer, to change the culture to one that embraces change. Although proposals to change the culture were made in 2007, Sony’s culture has still not fully transformed which is reflected in their still low competitively. Therefore, it may still take some time for Sony to fully embrace an innovative culture as their Japanese culture has largely influenced the organization. It also took a long time for Marks & Spencer to introduce higher levels of technology, such as a stock control system, as they are said to have a ‘backward culture’. This is because they don’t embrace change and are led by system and procedures. These examples provide evidence that change in a business’s culture may not be done quickly as the organization is accustomed to the previous culture. However, changing a company’s culture can be easy if the new chief executive conducts the change in an appropriate manner. As culture change will have a direct impact on stakeholders, it is important for the new chief executive to inform all stakeholders of the changes and to also encourage feedback. The loss of the innovative leader of Apple, Steve Jobbs created much anxiety about the new CEO Tim Cook. Stakeholders feared Cook would change the company and reject all Jobbs practices especially as the two leaders have different personalities. The media worsened the situation with continuous negative press coverage which resulted in a decrease in consumer confidence as well as Apple’s share price. Although Jobbs had planned to make some strategic changes to the company’s practices, he reassured stakeholders by stating that â€Å"Apple will not change†. He also identified these new strategies and their benefits in a press release which justified his decisions and satisfied stakeholders. The newfound trust of stakeholders will enable Apple’s cultural change to be easier and happen more quickly. In view of the above, I believe that it is not easy to change the culture of a business, as the current practices are custom to the organization; this also suggests that the change will be quite a process and therefore won’t be done quickly. This situation is worsened as the chief executive is new and won’t have the necessary knowledge and understanding of the business to enable a smooth and quick transition. However, the ability for the new chief executive to change the business’s culture quickly and easily is highly dependant upon the reaction of the stakeholders. For example, BP’s customers may react positively as the new culture will increase the company’s responsiveness to customers. Shareholders may also react positively as the increase of innovation should increase BP’s competitive advantage which could increase the company’s value and share price. However, the increase in innovation may pose a threat the employees as management will expect higher quality and the need for more qualified personnel may be necessary. Therefore, support from stakeholders will encourage an easier and quickly transformation whereas negativity will not. The skills of the workforce is also important as if they are innovative the cultural change will happen faster. However, Sony is in a creative industry and their strategy to increase innovation still took a long time. This suggests that attitudes and beliefs of the workforce are also important. An easy change is also depend upon the new executives approach, is it forceful or flexible? Damier-Benz’s forceful approach result in a large amount of tension that slowed the change and resulted in a financial loss. Change the Culture of an Organisation. (2017, Feb 04).

Section 1 of the Terrorism Act 2000 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Section 1 of the Terrorism Act 2000 - Essay Example Nevertheless, the uncertainty of what constitutes terrorism under international law has manifested at national level with difficulty in distinguishing between state and non-state terrorism (Williamson, 2009). In considering whether the acts in the current scenario constitute acts of terrorism, this paper will consider the position under UK law, with specific reference to the Terrorism Act 2000. Section 1(2) of the Terrorism Act 2000 provides that an act of â€Å"terrorism† includes any act that includes the following â€Å"(a) involves serious violence against a person, (b) involves serious damage to a property, (c) endangers a person’s life, other than that of a person committing the action; (d) creates a serious risk to the health and safety of the public or a section of the public, or (e) is designed to seriously interfere with or seriously to disrupt an electronic system† (Section 1(2) of the Terrorism Act 2000). ... o, the group of individuals are part of â€Å"Abort Abortion† and whilst they are not listed as a proscribed organisation under Schedule 2 of the Terrorism Act 2000, the individual acts may nevertheless constitute acts of terrorism under section 1 of the Terrorism Act 2000 and this paper shall consider each act in turn. 2 Alison’s liability for sending photos of aborted foetuses to the doctors who have been previously targeted. Alison’s campaign of sending the photos to the doctors whilst unpleasant hasn’t caused serious damage to person or property and it will difficult for this conduct to fall within the other sections of section 1(2) to constitute an act of terrorism under the Terrorism Act 2000. Additionally, the photos have been sent merely as a reminder of the horrors of abortion, with no specific threat. However, it is possible that Alison could face liability for harassment under the Protection from Harassment Act 1997. Section 1(1) of the Protecti on from Harassment Act 1997 provides that individuals must not engage in conduct which: a) Amounts to harassment of another; and b) Which they know or ought to objectively know constitutes harassment (Section 1(1) of the Protection from Harassment Act 1997). The test for determining harassment is objective and Section 2(1) of the Protection from Harassment Act 1997 provides that if an individual’s act constitutes harassment in line with the section 1(1) definition, the conduct will constitute a criminal offence. If we apply this by analogy to the current scenario, it is evident that the photos have been sent to the doctors before and that they have been targeted. The images are disturbing and as the photos have been sent repeatedly, there are strong grounds for Alison’s conduct constituting harassment under

Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 24

Case Study Example It commanded 7.6% of the market. Secondly, according to the case, Eskimo pie had at least one of its products in 98% of the grocery stores located across the United States. As such, this has considerable implications in determining the worth of Eskimo pie. Therefore, Eskimo’s market presence and market share across the United States commands a better higher price than what is estimated by Goldman. Having a larger market share and presence in any industry gives the company an edge over its competitors. Therefore, it should deserve and attract a higher premium than what was offered by Goldman and Nestle. Past performance is vital when estimating the value of Eskimo pie. Since 1987, the company’s net sales increased by over 50 % ((17198-30769) Ã · 30, 769). Subsequently, profits of the company increased by over 1300% over the same period ((2526-171) Ã ·171). This is according to the data depicted in Exhibit 1. There are many reasons a company might want to acquire another company. The primary reason nestle wanted to acquire Eskimo Pie was to possess and establish a stronger and robust position or presence in the frozen novelty market. According to the case, nestle owns drumsticks. I can take this to mean that maybe nestle owns other frozen novelties, but the case does not specify or mention any. By purchasing Eskimo pie, nestle would be a frontrunner in the industry by having a larger presence. There are potential synergies to be gained from acquiring Eskimo pie. This is because of the involvement of nestle in the frozen novelties too. In my opinion, Eskimo is worth more to nestle as an acquisition than as a stand-alone company. This is due to the following reasons. Most of the workforce and management of Eskimo pie would not be needed in order to avoid duplication of duties. Since the products of Eskimo and nestle target and go to the same market, the distribution costs of nestle would b e nearly eliminated. Additionally, the marketing expenditure will drop. I

The most famous psychological studies Essay Example for Free

The most famous psychological studies Essay The most famous psychological studies of children and aggressive behaviour are Albert Banduras Bobo doll studies, performed at Stamford University, which are now widely regarded as early research classics in the field. These were experimental studies in which children of nursery school age observed a video in which an adult was hitting, punching, kicking and throwing a large inflatable doll. Particular actions were used which children would be unlikely to perform spontaneously. The children were then observed, as they played alone in a playroom with the same doll for 10 to 20 minutes. A controlled group of children were allowed to play with the doll without observing the video of the aggressive adult behaviour. As you might expect, the children who witnessed the adult aggression performed similar acts and the others did not. In this study, Bandura has shown that children display acts of aggressive behaviour, acquired simply through observing someone else performing in these acts. There are many flaws in this study however, which can influence or exaggerate the reactions of the children such as the environment in which the study is held. The laboratory is an uncomfortable area in which children may act in a way which is alien to their usual reactions, and they may behave as they feel they are expected to, one child was recorded asking Mummy is that the doll we have to hit? Children are noted to understand and differentiate between fantasy and real life, (it is ok to hit a doll but not a person.) It is also thought that the theorists conducting the study may have intentionally encouraged the aggression, something that most parents would not. So although Bandura did prove that the childrens behaviour was undoubtedly linked to the images they had seen, it was an artificially made environment (both literally and by means of behaviour expressed by all parties) and therefore I would argue that it couldnt possibly reflect a true scenario. Other studies relating to this concept reached the same conclusions until a study by Feshbach and Singer (1971). Understanding that the environment of a laboratory may be a establishing factor in the behaviour of children, Feshbach and Singer decided to conduct their experiment in schools, an environment in which the children would feel comfortable and therefore more inclined to react in a way which is more accurate. Going into a boys home the theorists spilt a class into two groups, and conducted a manipulated situation over a duration of six weeks. The boys were exposed to different types of television, one group were shown typically violent shows, and the other observed generally neutral television. The results proved an opposite reaction to Banduras study; the boys exposed to the violent television remained the same, while the other group had gotten considerably more aggressive during the experiment. This reaction is in line with the CATHARIS theory, which claims that watching violent programmes decreases levels of arousal, leaving viewers less prone to aggressive behaviour. These studies are extremely contradictory and the differences are an example of how it is extremely difficult to define the exact link between television and behavioural effects.

Oliver Twist :: essays research papers

OLIVER TWIST CHARACTERS  Harry ~ He is Mrs. Maylie's son, and he is in love with Rose.  Rose ~ She lives with Giles and Brittles, and is unsure on how she feels about Harry until the end.  Oliver ~ Represents the misery and poverty of the poor during the 1800.  Bil ~ He is a professional thief, a very mean person, an alcoholic, and is boyfriend of Nancy.  Toby ~ A thief (he is Bill’s assistant).  Nancy ~ A kindhearted woman who unfortunately pays for being that in the end. She is also Bil's girlfriend (who she is very scared of).  Brittles and Giles ~ The people whose house was broken into by Sikes, Toby, and Oliver. Also the people who took care of Oliver after he came to them almost dead.  Mrs. Bedwin ~ Housekeeper for Mr.Brownlow.  Mr. Brownlow ~ Oliver's first apprentice, he and Mrs.Bedwin took very good care of him.  Fagin ~ Teaches children how to become thieves, but all he does is make the children steal for him so that he doesn’t have to do it himself or an so he wouldn’t get caught doing it.  Doctor Losberne ~ Doctor that helps Oliver after he get shot in the arm.  Mr. and Mrs. Bumble ~ Preppy and Snobby people, and they dislike Oliver.  Mrs. Corny ~ Mr. Bumble's wife, it was her maiden name before she was married to him.  Mr. Monks ~ He was also known as the stranger, but he was really Edward Leeford (Oliver brother).  Mrs. Maylie ~ She is Harry's mother. SUMMARY Bil Sikes, Toby Crackit, and Oliver robbed Brittles and Giles. In the process of the robbery Oliver is shot in the arm and so Sikes wouldn't get caught he left Oliver in a ditch to die. The next morning he walks to Brittles and Giles house and took him in and called the Doctor. When the doctor came he said that he was very excited to see the boy. After Oliver's arm is taken care of Brittles, Giles, Rose, Mrs. Maylie, and the doctor decided not to tell the police, but what they decide to do is take care of him and give him a home. When Oliver told them his story they felt very bad for him, so they left him alone to recover.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When Oliver did recover he finds out that Mr. Brownlow and Mrs. Bedwin had moved to the West Indies.

Blood Bank

Blood bank Although there are any complicated instruments in the blood bank department, but it’s a very important and sensitive section of the medical laboratory as it deals with donors and acceptors of the blood, it transfer for leukemia and thalasemia patients, new born and cancer patients and so many cases blood bank save their lives. Tests that are carried in this department: 1- Some tests, which included donated free of diseases, serology tests 2- blood grouping 3- rhesus factor†Rh† 4- direct & indirect coombs test 5- cross matching 1-serology testsTo ensure that donated free of infectious diseases as HIV, Hbs, VDRL These tests are rabid tests using a card [pic] 2- blood grouping Red blood cells contain on their surface on Ag A,B, and the have their antibodies in the serum on the same red blood cells. That means, that every blood group can give a specific other group and receive also from a specific one in order to avoid agglutination and so blood clotting. [p ic] Method 1: On a slide put two drops of blood- -Add a drop of anti A on the first blood drop, and a drop af anti B on the second blood drop – mix and wait for 2 minutes – observe the agglutination if happened with anti A the blood group is A [pic] You can use a test tube instead of the slide, and then put the tubes in the centrifuge and watch the agglutination found 3- Rhesus factor â€Å"Rh† Is a complex antigen â€Å"D† found on the red blood cells and has its anti in the serum of the blood. 85 % are Rh + which has D in their blood Its very dangerous if persons, which are Rh negative received Rh positive it makes agglutinations, and may lead to death. Method : -As in the blood grouping -Put a drop of blood + a drop of anti D Mix together, observe the agglutination – -If found any agglutinations, its Rh positive. -direct & indirect coombs test This test is carried out to detect the presence of incomplete antibodies, which would react with double of complete antigen making a clot. And these are very serious and dangerous cases. A- direct coombs test Detect antibodies reactive with RBCs and conjoined Bhaotkon these objects is incomplete and not have the ability to cause coagulation alone and shows Taktherha only after the addition of serum Coombs. This test is very important in diagnosis many cases, the most popular is â€Å"Hemolytic anemia of new born†, lead poisoning, some drugs, inherited hemolytic anemia.Method: -Add drops of blood in a test tube and wash using saline 2-3 times( â€Å"wash† as the word means, add saline to the blood and through the filtrate 2-3 times making a bloody suspension) – add 2 drops to the washed Rbcs, and put the tube in the centifuge – examine the formation of any agglutination first with nacked eyes then using microscope. – if found it’s a positive coombs test B- indirect coombs test: to detect the presence of free antigens in the blood, not attached to red blood cells. Method: – prepare a sample of blood group O+ and wash with saline 2-3 times 2- put drops of patient serum in a test tube, add 2 drops of washed O+ blood 3- put in a water bath for 40-60 minutes 4- after 50 minutes add â€Å"bovine serum albumin† to the tube 5- wash again with saline 3-4 times 6- add 2 drops of coombs anti human globuline, and then put into centrifuge 7- observe the presence of agglutination 8- if found before add coombs reagent = presence of anti D 9- If found after add coombs reagent= presence of incomplete anti D 10- If not found at all= negative test. [pic] -cross matching The cross matching test is very important in case of blood transfusion from donors to acceptors as the blood group and Rh should be identical to each other. So sample of blood of donor and acceptor is added to each other and checking for any formation of clotting, if found that indicates that they are not suitable for each other At first the blood group and th e Rh type is detected before carring out the cross matching, and they should be identical Simply add drop of donor blood + drop of acceptor blood and mix well and watch for agglutinations formedIf any agglutination formed that’s means the donor and acceptor blood are not identical The figure below explain the procedure briefly. [pic] Blood bags colors: For keeping blood bags colors are as follows: Red is the color of blood is used to save the type (o) Yellow color is used to save the blood of type (a) Green color is used to save the blood of type (b) Blue color is used to save the blood of the type (ab) This poster, which shows color should clarify the patient's name and for keeping the blood bag and the type of preservative and temperature required to save the blood and the name of the hospital blood and date of preparation.Anticoagulants used in blood bags: Is non-clotting materials added to the blood bags Blood Bag These materials vary its chemical content, which in turn a ffect the period of keeping the blood. 1 – Material CPD: It knows its components citrate phosphate dextrose and that preserve blood for 21 days after mixing blood, under colder than 2-6 degrees Celsius. 2 – Article CPDA: They are the materials the previous addition of adenine, which in turn kept the blood for 29 days in the same previous methods. 3 – Article CPDA-I: This article reservation blood for 35 days ,save the whole blood.These three materials used amount of 63 cm ? full unit of blood is added about 400-450 cm ? of whole blood by withdrawing blood from the donor. Where that blood saves temperatures of 2-6 degrees Celsius private refrigerators to save the blood. 4 – SAG-M material or substance ADSOL: used to save the concentrated red blood cells for a period of 42 days degrees cooler than 2-6 degrees Celsius. This method using a 100 cm ? the sag-m or ADSOL be present unit separate from the whole blood units and connected pipe tight and sterile.As t he blood drawn from the donor and mixes textured CPD usual and after by the apartheid regime through centrifugal force refrigerated centrifugation separates blood plasma to the unit empty neighboring unit blood then keep red blood cells concentrated alone which are added directly 100 cm ? of the foregoing adsol / sag-m to keep red blood cells to centralize for a period of 42 days. 5 – Article Djileerool glycerol: Reservation concentrated red blood cells for a period of 15 years or more and under cooler from 65 to 200 degrees Celsius below zero.This modern way used to freeze red blood cells concentrated from rare species or negative and is dissolving blood frozen after that when usage and the need for washing cells red, textured saline-glucose solution to remove material Djileerool of blood and then later used these red blood cells to patients. The means of blood plasma and sludge near, it is frozen in freezers less degree cold out to about 30 to 35 degrees below zero and one year AD full, but platelets, they kept for five days in a continuous motion to prevent damage, and the degree of conservation of 20-22 degrees Celsius.Types of Blood Transfusion Blood Transfusion: Full blood transfusion whole blood: The simplest kinds of transport where blood is taken from the donor and kept in the fridge at a temperature close to almost 8 degrees. Which is used during times of emergency, But loses its anti-bleeding elements. Transfer plasma: As we know consists of blood â€Å"red blood cells + plasma† If red blood cells transport oxygen. The tasks of the plasma containing elements prevent blood clots. And thus will be useful for many patients and gives better results and faster as patients liver.As well as a pint of pure plasma is easier on the body of a mixed-liter of whole blood. Transfer platelets: It is relatively more expensive and needs modern major hospitals. Or be separated manually through lab technician but needs a sterile room at 100%, which may b e difficult to get it continuously. The mean platelet extract â€Å"only† from the donor and returned the rest of the blood â€Å"plasma + erythrocytes† donated to the same moment. It is suitable for patients who suffer from a shortage of blood platelets, which help heal wounds. Refrigerators Blood Bank: You will find two types of refrigerators: – refrigerators for keeping blood bags full whole blood: And often have gate transparent glass shelves. Each rack of a particular department or certain species. There is, for example, a special rack Balveselh A-or there is a special rack, Department of Orthopedic.. Each section has a share of the blood bags. There is a special rack emergency. Wharf special surplus â€Å"given any section†. Refrigerator temperature appears on a small digital screen. In addition, the average temperature of 8 degrees Celsius. 2 – refrigerators to save plasma bags: temperature of about 43 below zero ..Because plasma contain ele ments prevent icing and prevent bleeding and proteins need to lower temperatures to save Blood transfusion bags: Per bag hose blogger called â€Å"tube†, Recorded in the book Blood Bank. As an example: No. This bag is hose 123456a .. And on each paper bag writable. Adzun â€Å"name of the donor† and â€Å"the name of the patient† and â€Å"taking blood† and â€Å"blood†. Daily and periodically examine the contents of refrigerators of blood bags and review its date. In the event of termination validity blood bag is left out of order execution .. Blood bags execution: Be executed â€Å"get rid† of blood in two cases.Either analyzes showed that the donor patient in one of the viruses â€Å"hepatitis or AIDS or syphalis† Or â€Å"expiration blood†. Collect the bags to be culled in environmental bags â€Å"red†. And closes tightly car to take them medical waste to get rid of them safely through the burning in special containe rs .. Books of blood transfusion: All data is recorded books, Name of the donor, blood type and result of the analysis and the compatibility and tube. When asked for any blood bag section. The technician or doctor reviewed the book and the contents of the fridge and writes a receipt or revenue blood bag, such as banks completely

Ebusiness Case Study

CISCO CASE STUDY ANALYSIS Submitted by: Sanal Jose (1021031) Aparna Panda (1021040) Cefi Johnkutty (1021041) Sonam Sethiya (1021052) Q1. Can other corporations benefit from investing in e-business functionality to the same extent that Cisco has? A1. Yes, other corporations can benefit from investing in e-business functionality to the same extent that Cisco has. The ever-changing and dynamic business environment necessitates use of internet and e-business technologies and therefore, these are going to be the face of business in future.Other corporations can benefit highly by making a calculated investment in this field, just as Cisco has been able to do. But there are certain prerequisites which need to be fulfilled before a company invests in e-business otherwise it might lead to a failure. The most important being the organization should have a web oriented culture. The other requisites are: * The company should have a well integrated system where the internet strategies are in sync with the business strategies. * The company should encourage other businesses to network with them. The top level management should ensure the application of an internet strategy in all areas or fields. * Implementation of internet strategy and processes should be as minimum as possible. * Employees should be encouraged to develop innovative processes with the help of internet to increase productivity. * Proper evaluation of processes should be done after the implementation and improvement scope should be there. Proper evaluation of processes should be done after the implementation and improvement scope should be there. Q2.What can other corporations learn from Cisco’s approach to guiding the e-business transformation? A2. The following are some of the learning’s that other corporations can take from Cisco’s approach to guiding the e-business transformation: * A single enterprise system embracing contract manufacturers, distributors, logistics partners, develop ment engineers, service engineers, sales representatives and customers into a single information system. * Information sharing in real time. * Direct fulfillment of orders whereby most of Cisco’s contract anufacturing partners ship directly to customers. * Automatic testing: to ensure product quality by creating test cells on supplier production lines. * Faster product introduction into the market: reducing the number of steps required during prototype development. * Recognize and forecast the need for a scalable business model to meet the demand of rapid growth. * Using Internet as the foundation of an enterprise and develop business models to achieve high performance and gain competitive advantage.

Review What is this Mother Fxxker with a Hat All About

Review What is this Mother Fxxker with a Hat All About Whenever someone sits down to watch a play that has such a controversial title, one does so expecting anything. The performances in â€Å"The Mother Fxxker with the Hat† live up to this expectation. The play is mostly a high-octane shouting match that has the actors’ foaming mouths showering the front row audience with spit.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Review: What is this â€Å"Mother Fxxker with a Hat† All About? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The shouting matches aside, the comedy rich play is still a beautiful ensemble of talent. The title of the play should not lead anyone into thinking that the performance in this play is reckless. â€Å"The Mother Fxxker with the Hat† was scripted by Stephen Adly Guirgis and it is now showing at the San Francisco Playhouse. The staging at Playhouse marks the West coast’s premiere of Guirgis’ play. The play premiered on Broadway i n 2011 featuring a star-studded cast. The production is done under the direction of Bill English. In the production’s program, the director notes that Guirgis’ characters are always meant to be on the path of discovering their spirituality. English makes references to actors in another of Guirgis’ production known as â€Å"Judas Iscariot†. In this latest production, the supposedly spiritual characters are struggling addicts who are embroiled in a fusion of jealousy, love, and addiction. The performances in this play are supposed to be comical all through save for some moments near the end of the play. The cast of this play is magnificent to say the least. The actors bring out Guirgis’ comedy with starling prowess. The main character is Jackie a former drug dealer who is being released from prison after a two-year sentence. Gabriel Marin presents a very likeable Jackie who is determined to finish his parole without incident. To accomplish this, Jack ie joins a twelve-step rehabilitation program. Gabriel Marin is able to shift his performance from the calm Jackie we first meet to the out of control Jackie who suspects his girlfriend of cheating. The shifts in his emotions are seamless and he is able to carry his audience through a journey of emotions, anger, and raw comedy. As the performer who has to interact with most of the other characters, the success of other performers depends a lot on his performance.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In this play, Marin the main performer is taking a comically charged and adventurous journey. He is on a quest to look for the â€Å"mother fxxker† left a hat at his girlfriend’s house after a probable illicit liaison. The lovable Marin’s first lively performance is witnessed when he goes to see his addiction sponsor about this matter. When he gets to Ralphâ €™s place, he discloses to him that Veronica has been having an affair behind his back. Even though Veronica is still the one doing drugs, her overall composure seems better than that of both Jackie and Ralph. Marin and Lumbly’s performances are top notch as far as their explosiveness is concerned. Jackie is going to seek his sponsor’s help because he suspects that a shock like this is enough to make him relapse. However, when Jackie gets to Ralph’s place, Lumbly delivers a very mixed performance. On one side, he presents the audience with a caring sponsor who has his life in order. On the other hand, he is still able to communicate his innermost struggles to the audience. When this play premiered, Ralph’s role was assigned to Chris Rock, a very seasoned actor. This initial casting might have been by chance or by design. However, it is clear that this role is very important to the play. Ralph is by all means the epicenter of all the themes in this pla y. For instance, through Lumbly’s Ralph the audience is able to grasp the two-sided nature of addiction. Ralph exemplifies those people that do not get into drugs because of their under achievement. His performance also shows that addiction is mostly as a result of inner struggles as opposed to outer struggles. Through this scene, it is also clear that although both Lumbly and Jackie are on the right path, their battle is far from over. Carl Lumbly’s Ralph is one of the people who interacts with Jackie the most. As Marin’s sponsor, Lumbly has to tune his performance with that of Marin. Ralph’s character is akin to the play’s success. When the play premiered, Chris Rock took up this role and it has remained popular since then. The expletive-filled conversations between Jackie and Ralph are supposed to be both emotional and comically vulgar. The actors portraying these emotions try their best to maintain this balance but eventually their performances end up being more vulgar than comical. The supporting cast in this play does a good job that warrants a nod of approval from the audience. In most productions, the performances of the supporting cast are easily overshadowed by those of the main players. â€Å"The Mother Fxxker with the Hat† features a supporting cast that bears striking resemblances with the main cast. Julio is the only supporting actor whose performance stands out.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Review: What is this â€Å"Mother Fxxker with a Hat† All About? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More One of the supporting performers in this production is Isabella Ortega who assumes the role of Veronica, Jackie’s long time girlfriend. Veronica and Jackie have been on a journey of love since the eighth grade. When Jackie is arrested for selling drugs from their New York apartment, Veronica waits for him to serve his two-year sentence. Or tega’s performance is good enough to confuse even those who are keen among the audience. She is able to exemplify a loyal and faithful girlfriend until the hat incident. This is where she is able to deliver a confusing performance. Half of the audience believes her performance as a faithful girlfriend while the other half questions her faithfulness. Her foul-mouthing techniques are also hard to forget. The most notable performance by a supporting actor is by Ruddy Guerrero who plays Julio. He is able to deliver a macho performance and at the same time deliver the play’s funniest performance. The scene with Jackie and Ralph seeking his help when they are hiding a gun is exceptionally funny. His performance is basically the â€Å"other type of performance† in this play. Margo Hall who plays Victoria, Ralph’s wife was billed as one of the most seasoned actors in the play. However, her performance did not have a lasting impression on me. It is mostly lukewarm and a bit too procedural. The director of this play is blessed with a huge stage that can make any stage-designing dreams a reality. English does not let this advantage slip through his fingers. Instead, he makes use of the huge stage by putting together three different scenes. All three scenes are at different places. One is a bedroom, the other is a living room, and the third one is the scene of a balcony. The stage is designed to depict New York in the most realistic way possible. The exterior brick-wall design on either side of the stage makes it feel like a real city. The difference between Ralph’s middle class apartment and Veronica’s colorful low-income house is emphasized by the stage’s design. Although these two live in different worlds financially, they both have to deal with the demons of addiction. The placement of Julio’s apartment is meant to liken him to Jackie’s guardian angel. This is because Julio is always prepared to offer his help to Jackie. â€Å"The Mother Fxxker with a Hat† is a play that focuses on the addiction theme. Guirgis meant to portray addiction as the unifying factor in this play. Jackie paints the picture of a lovable under achiever while Ralph is a diligent man who has accomplished a lot. Both men are judged differently from the outside but they still have to fight similar battles.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The playwright does not wish to engage the audience in an emotional roller coaster. Instead, he knows that after all the laughter dies down, deep thoughts will inadvertently take over. This play is like one of those movies that have you laughing at one moment, and then have you depressed the next. This production is almost like a comedy marathon because its emotional bits are very few. During the entire show, the performers use gestures, loud voices, and physical expressions of emotions. The elegant nature of this stage makes this production seem elegant. The wideness of the stage and the height of the ceilings seem to be the only things protecting the audience from the type of language being exchanged at the stage. English’s superb directing is mixed with accurate portrayals of Veronica’s highs, Victoria’s repressed anger, Jackie’s controlling nature, Ralph’s slyness, and Julio’s good nature to make this play a success.

Dear COMM 107 Letter and Response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Dear COMM 107 Letter and Response - Essay Example Third, she mentioned that she met a co-worker who is an extrovert like her and who brings her to fun places. She stressed that they do not have romantic relations, and that she continues to love her boyfriend. She found her platonic relationship with her co-worker as a win-win situation because she could satisfy her extrovert needs without losing her loved one. Fifth, she stated that she and her boyfriend are having more arguments because he is jealous of her male friend. The paper assumes that the couple wants to preserve their relationship. The main problem is the rise of differentiating practices during the integrating stage of their relationship, while the resolution is to apply several relational maintenance strategies to continue integrating as a couple without losing individual autonomy and identity. Knapp’s Staircase Model of Relational Development (the Model) can help analyze the concepts operating in the woman’s romantic relationship issue because it captures the stages of coming together and coming apart that are appearing in her relationship. The Model asserts that communication is fundamental to developing and maintaining relationships (Guerrero, Andersen, & Afifi, 2014, p. 115; McCornack, 2013, p. 293). It also uses the staircase as a metaphor for a relationship, wherein the coming-together stages refer to movements upward a staircase, while the coming-apart stages pertain to movement downwards it (McCornack, 2013, p. 293). The five stages of coming together are initiating, experimenting, intensifying, integrating, and bonding, while the five stages of coming apart are differentiating, circumscribing, stagnating, avoiding, and terminating. At present, the woman’s relationship overlaps the integrating and differentiating stages. The woman’s romantic relationship is in the integrating stage because she and her boyfriend see themselves as a couple and practice self-disclosure. They present themselves to the

Reflection of tuesdays with Morrie Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reflection of tuesdays with Morrie - Essay Example As a result, they do not have much idea about learning how to die, but so much knowledge about the learning on how to live. According to Morrie, â€Å"once you learn how to die, you learn how to live†. To analyze the context of this point, one must understand first that these words form a statement that came from a person who has eventually accepted the idea of death, it is Morrie. Morrie, in his situation is not oblivious of the thought that the possibility of his physical death is at any moment and that could be depicted as like someone who is lurking around the corner and is ready to gouge him to death at any time. It is at this point in time that Morrie has eventually appreciated many things about life, which is something that many people do not appreciate, because they are too busy or being preoccupied earning a living for them to survive. However, behind all of these things, they are oblivious of the fact that they might have been missing something important or essential. They might have not appreciated the simple things, which eventually are the things based on the point of view of Morrie a s essential to survival. These things if properly appreciated will eventually lead a person to live a life free from stress and full of contentment. Thus, Morrie is just trying to show the idea that unless a person will never know things concerning on what it takes to be dying, the things that are truly essential for living can hardly be recognized by them. This is evident to the point of Morrie when he is certain of the perspective that people are too involved in material goods and their own egotism (Albom, 2009). While relying on an oxygen tank to survive, Morrie eventually appreciates the things outside of his window, but unfortunately he is no longer able to go outside and enjoy some of these things. However, the thought of contentment in his mind is the ultimate force that continues to

Communication psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Communication psychology - Essay Example Adequate advertising and promotional activities are the key marketing strategies that increase the brand awareness of every individual product of an organization. Advertising is a tool of marketing communication that used to persuade, encourage and manipulate the Audiences to take some new purchasing decisions. Moreover, the purpose of advertising is to reassure the shareholders or employees that an organization is successful or viable enough (Silvera 2004). The desired result of advertising is to drive the consumer buying behaviour with respect to commercial offering. Commercial advertiser habitually seek to produce increased consumption of their goods and services through branding that involves relating a product logo or product name with certain qualities in the minds of Audiences. Non-profit organizations may depend on the form of persuasion, such as PSA. The non-commercial advertisers who spend capitals to promote their products and services other than consumer goods or services include interest groups, governmental agencies, political parties and religious organizations (Silvera 2004). There are various techniques used in creating an effective advertisement for a product in the market. Advertising is most evident on TV, radio, the internet, newspapers, magazines and many other places. Advertising targets specific people or an Audience in specific places like the billboards, the subway, buses, emails, mailings and in store announcements. Some products also act like advertisements themselves like T-shirts, video games, products in movies, vending machines just to mention a few. The advert aims are to reassure customers who have already purchased the product for its continuous production; customer loyalty, get the attention of non-users to start using, to create an image for a product in the market and finally to persuade the customer to purchase the product (Silvera 2004). Transfer of knowledge and

There are two questions. I need to analyze and give my opinion Research Paper

There are two questions. I need to analyze and give my opinion - Research Paper Example Economic theory covers the four major fields of human society i.e. consumption together with aggregation, household production and the choices concerning investments to be made over the time, uncertainties, the influence of competitive equilibrium over crime, social interactions, economic growth, etc. and lastly the imperfect competitions like monopoly (Becker). Economic theory has a great significance in forming a sound social order. There is nothing eccentric and strange about its place in the social life of humans. Rather it is highly applicable and provides solutions to many problems(Wellington 384-388). Considering the given scenario in the light of economic theory, the basic commonalty that I have identifiedis that they both are the result of consumption and aggregation issues on the micro economic level. In both the situations Sam Slime has exploited the victim.However, in the first scenario he has used the usual criminal tactics of robbing and therefore he got trapped by the police but in the other situation he used the political influence so as to get hold of his hidden motives. As stated in the economic theory the fundamental force behind the criminal activities is the competitive equilibrium which indicates that the fluctuation in the market prices of fundamentally required commodities effected the overall consumption of Sam Slime.This enabled him to indulge into such criminal acts while on the other hand his social interactions withpoliticians helped him to achieve his evil desires. In the second situation he benefitted from the poor political structure prevailing in the country. He just simply became a loyal supporter of the politician who then imposed tax over the victim so as to get $50 from him which was eventually given to Sam Slime.Research indicates that in a consumer-capitalist society prevalence of justice is comparatively difficult than other social systems. Irremediable acts such as the one committed by Sam Slime are a consequence of conv entional economic theory and overall unethical practices(Trainer 7-23). Stealing money using any means is not only a criminal activity rather it is also a highly unethical conduct. However, when such an act is committed using the laws and political influence than it causes greater damage which is the most significant difference in both the situation. In the first case, Sam Slime robbed $50 though it was the only amount left with the victim.Yet it was not that detrimental for him as he was able to save his life by giving the money.But in the second case when he refused to pay the tax so as to keep safe his $50, he was caught up by the police and was convicted for law violation although his act was completely justified. This indicated that theft done on the national level or through the use of political influence as in the given scenario produces much more detrimental consequences. Is stealingthrough the political process any less morally reprehensible than  stealing done individual ly? Ethics are the fundamental driving forces of human life whose absence might lead to irreparable consequences not only for the individual but also for the people around him. Ethics are responsible for the rational humanactivities and also to keep humans far away from offense (Bruno). Stealing is yet another criminal act which is condemned legally, morally and socially. However when it is correlated with the political process then it is slightly difficult to analyze its moral status. In

Quantum Mechanics Using Back-of-the-envelope Calculations

Quantum Mechanics Using Back-of-the-envelope Calculations YIP Chung On INTRODUCTION Calculations in quantum mechanics are very often lengthy and mathematically involved, and some problems are impossible to get an analytical solution. Our goal, rather than obtaining an exact solution, we try to analyze a problem in quantum mechanics using dimensional analysis and provide a back-of-the-envelope estimate. We choose the ground state problem of a harmonic-quartic oscillator to perform an analytical estimate, as it is a common and useful quantum mechanics problem. Then we use a computer software, Mathematica to solve differential equations numerically, and compare the solutions with the back-of-the-envelope estimate. Above is the Schrà ¶dinger equation for a one-dimensional particle moving in a combination of a harmonic potential of frequency à °Ã‚ Ã…“† and a quartic potential of strength à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ‚ ½. The study of ground state problem of a harmonic-quartic problem is important, as it is a typical system in reality. There are two special cases for a harmonic-quartic oscillator; one is when the strength of the quartic is very small, it becomes a harmonic oscillator, another one is when the strength of the harmonic potential is very small, it becomes a quartic oscillator. Harmonic oscillator is one of the most important model systems in quantum mechanics, one of the examples are simple diatomic molecules such as hydrogen and nitrogen. It is one of the few quantum-mechanical systems which we are able to get an exact, analytical solution. Also, many potentials can be approximated as a harmonic potential when the energy is very low, this provides a great help when studying some very complicated systems. While in reality, it is unlikely that a system is purely harmonic, as most of the time there would be more than one potential acting in a system. So it is important to study a system with multi-potentials, and a harmonic-quartic oscillator, which includes a harmonic potential and a quartic potential, is a good example of that. Our goal, in this project, is to estimate the ground state energy of a harmonic-quartic oscillator making use of back-of-the-envelope calculations, which means that we only involve very few mathematical calculations in our estimate. To specify, we perform dimensional analysis on the equations of the problem we concern, then we compare the results of our estimate with the numerical solution we get from Mathematica, a computer software, to see how close can our estimate get. METHOD We attempt to use dimensional analysis to estimate the ground state energy of the harmonic-quartic problem, and here would be the procedures we would take to perform a dimensional analysis for finding the ground state energy. First we identify the principal units of measurement for the problem, which means the minimal set of units enough to describe all the input parameters of the problem. For this problem, we choose the units of length, [], and energy, [, these two are often chosen in stationary problems in quantum mechanics. Then we identify the input parameters and their units in terms of the chosen principal units. For each of the principal units, we choose a scale which is a combination of the input parameters measured using their units. We may need to determine the maximal set of independent dimensionless parameters: the set will include only the parameters that are generally either much greater or much less than unity. These include both the dimensionless parameters present in the problem and the dimensionless combinations of the dimensionful input parameters. If the set is empty, the unknown quantities can be determined almost completely, i.e. up to a numerical prefactor of the order of unity. If some dimensionless parameters are present, the class of possible relationships between the unknowns and the input parameters can be narrowed down, but the order of magnitude of the unknown quantities cannot be determined. Finally we express the unknown quantities as a multi-power-law of principal scales, times an arbitrary function of all dimensionless parameters, if any. If no dimensionless parameters are present, the arbitrary function is replaced by an arbitrary constant, presumed to be of the order of unity. SOLVE Before we solve the harmonic-quartic oscillator problem, we would first go through the two special cases, the harmonic oscillator alone and the quartic oscillator alone. Harmonic oscillator alone Consider the Schrà ¶dinger equation for one-dimensional particle moving in a harmonic potential of frequency à °Ã‚ Ã…“†, where à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ… ¡ is the particle’s mass. Find the ground state energy. Principal units: unit of length [], unit of energy [ Input parameters and their units: [ [ where , and To derive the scale of length, let us represent the scale as The units of are [ To derive the scale of energy, let us represent the scale as The units of are [ Solution for the unknown: where const is a number of the order of unity. Its precise value is inaccessible for dimensional methods. Recall that the exact value of this constant is 1/2. Finally, Quartic oscillator alone Consider the Schrà ¶dinger equation for one-dimensional particle moving in a quartic potential of strength where is the particle’s mass. Find the ground state energy. Principal units: unit of length [], unit of energy [ Input parameters and their units: [ [ where To derive the scale of length, let us represent the scale as The units of are [ To derive the scale of energy, let us represent the scale as The units of are [ Solution for the unknown: Finally, Harmonic-quartic oscillator Consider the Schrà ¶dinger equation for one-dimensional particle moving in a combination of harmonic potential of frequency and a quartic potential of strength where is the particle’s mass. Find the ground state energy. Principal units: unit of length [], unit of energy [ Input parameters and their units: [ [ [ where , and To derive the scale of length, let us represent the scale as The units of are: [ We choose the scale associated uniquely with the harmonic oscillator, To derive the scale of energy, let us represent the scale as The units of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ° are: [ We choose the scale associated uniquely with the harmonic oscillator, There exists a dimensionless parameter expressed as a product of powers of principal scales: The units of are: [ As is supposed to be dimensionless, There is an independent dimensionless parameter We choose a scale of parameter in order that the system can be solved Solution for the unknown: where is an arbitrary function. Finally, SOFTWARE COMPARISON DISCUSSION REFERENCES M. Olshanii, Back-of-the-Envelope Quantum Mechanics, 1st ed. (World Scientific, 2013) Quantum harmonic oscillator. Retrieved Feb 1, 2015, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_harmonic_oscillator Quantum Harmonic Oscillator. Retrieved Feb 1, 2015, from http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/quantum/hosc.html

Hackers :: essays research papers fc

Hacking: "Slang word for a computer enthusiast. One who breaks into the computer system of a company or government." 1 Most hackers break into computers not to wreak havoc, but simply to explore and share information with one another. A small minority, however, do wish to create mischief. These individuals are the ones who have the public fearing hackers. They are genuinely responsible for the Media calling hackers criminals. These individuals and gangs purposely break into computers for personal financial gain, or to turn your six thousand dollar state of the art computer into a six thousand dollar paperweight. A hacker via RoadRunner can easily glide into an unprotected PC.2 There; they can potentially get credit card numbers and other valuable goodies. â€Å"Instead of thinking 'criminal' or 'vandal' when hearing the word hacker, we want the public to think of 'knowledge seekers' and 'curious wanderers'.† 3 â€Å"Destruction and unethical ignorance has plagued the underground too long, let's bring back the old school ways of creation and system penetrating for the knowledge that it is holding, not for the destruction of that knowledge nor the possessors of it.† 3 -www.hackers.com A stereotype that is casually applied to a hacker, is that they are geeks, doofs and nerds. They have few or no friends and spend the majority of their time in front of their computers. In actuality a hacker could be a CEO of a multinational, or the person sitting next to you on the subway. Obviously there are some things all hackers have in common. All are able to do advanced calculations in math, are well versed in computer languages, and have a good grasp of their Native language. They must have a state of the art computer that they know inside and out. They also have access to, or knowledge of secret codes and computer languages. Hackers have many tools in their â€Å"toolbox† for breaking into computers. An example of this is a Password Sniffer. This is a program, which is secretly hidden on a network. The sniffer is programmed to record, in a secret file, logos and passwords. In the span of a week, these tiny, planted programs can record hundreds of user names and code words and their associated passwords. This information is then sent back to the hacker. Last year an advisory from Carnegie Mellon University's Computer Emergency Response Team warned that, because of a rash of sniffing attacks, tens of thousands of passwords had been stolen and were presumed to be compromised.

Hamlet, The Prince of Denmark Essay

Much of the dramatic irony and dramatic tension in Shakespeare’s â€Å"Hamlet, The Prince of Denmark† derives from the interplay between the characters’ public and private personas. The face that each of the characters shows to the public contrasts with, in most cases, the private persona of the same character. Similarly, the private â€Å"face† or motives of the characters usually stands in diametric opposition to their public persona. The most obvious examples of this dynamic is, are course, the characters of Claudius and Gertrude who must, by necessity, keep up a fraudulent set of public perceptions to cover their crimes of infidelity and murder. These obvious examples, however, are no more profound or integral to the play’s thematic impact than the likewise hypocrisies which afflict nearly every other character of the play. The almost universal nature of social mendacity is represented in â€Å"Hamlet† as being,in fact, the source of what is â€Å"rotten† in Denmark. The brilliance of the play exists, in part, in Shakespeare’s ability to demonstrate the way in which hypocrisy and being â€Å"two-faced† can impact all levels of society and corrupt even friendship and love. In many ways, the cast of characters in â€Å"Hamlet† reflect a social microcosm, with Hamlet, the young Prince, and Ophelia, representing the youth of society and the ghost of Hamlet’s father, Gertrude, Claudius, and Polonius representing the social establishment and cultural traditions which have fostered ongoing mendacity. From the very opening scene of the play, Shakespeare, with a knack for amazing subtlety, writes the following exchange between Bernardo and Horatio: BERNARDO Say, What, is Horatio there? HORATIO A piece of him. (Hamlet, 1. 1 25-28) Horatio’s reply indicates, according to critics of the play, that he is referring to the cold night air which has reduced him to a shivering semblance of his former self. However, the line can also be read as a subtle extension of the theme of mendacity adn meant to indicate that even Horatio, who will be revealed throughout the course of the play as a true friend to Hamlet, has been impacted by the â€Å"rottenness† in Denmark, the social hypocrisy which holds all in its sway. Similarly, Polonius, who represents the religious and spiritual aspects of society in the social microcosm of the play, dispenses words of wisdom to Laertes, acting the part of the wise and compassionate patriarch, a man of morals and God. Among his words of wisdom in Act One, Scene Three are the following observations: â€Å"Beware/ Of entrance to a quarrel, but being in,/ Bear’t that the opposed may beware of thee. / Give every man thy ear, but few thy voice;/ Take each man’s censure, but reserve thy judgment† (Hamlet 1. 3, 69-73). Obviously, Polonius fails to live by his own words. He openly intrigues against Hamlet, immersing himself into a quarrel which was not his own, and after doing so, fails to â€Å"Bear’t that the opposed may beware of thee† (Hamlet 1. 3, 71), but ends up being killed by Hamlet on accident. Key to all of the ironies which are associated with Shakespeare’s them of social mendacity is the character of Hamlet himself. If the reader or audience member who is experiencing Hamlet believes in the heart that Hamlet is, indeed, mad, then much of Hamlet’s behavior can be explained by madness. If, on the other hand, the reader or audience member believes that Hamlet is simply presenting yet another social â€Å"face† — this one in order to disrupt the hypocrisy of society — then Hamlet’s behavior becomes a method by which Shakespeare examines the heavy toll which is exacted on the individual in a hypocritical society. There is every reason to believe that the latter context is the one which Shakespeare hope to achieve in the play. One good bit of evidence for this supposition is in Act 2, Scene One, when Ophelia, stricken by the state which Hamlet has allowed himself to get into, she voices her concerns to her father, Polonius. Ophelia describes Hamlet â€Å"with his doublet all unbraced† (Shakespeare, 2. 1, 85) and â€Å"No hat upon his head† (Shakespeare 2. 1, 86). His appearance is taken to be an indication of his inner-state, propelling the sense of social facade as serving in place of truth in society. Ophelia concludes that Hamlet appeared as though â€Å"he had been loosed out of hell/ To speak of horrors,–he comes before me† (Shakespeare 2. 1, 90-91). The implication is that Hamlet’s disheveled state must indicate that he is, in fact, mad. Obviously, while Hamlet appears mad to others, he is plotting with great, rational precision to expose what he fears is the crime committed by his mother and his uncle. The sub-text of this is that Hamlet should be mad given the reality of the dilemma he faces. The great irony is, in fact, that he is not mad, but sane which will not allow him to live in a world of lies and hypocrisy. When Claudius and Gertrude react with horror to the â€Å"play within a play† Hamlet’s response is â€Å"What, frighted with false fire! † (Shakespeare 3. 2, 262) indicating his very rational understanding of the situation and of the reality of social mendacity. At this point, it seems that merely knowing of the hypocrisy is enough for Hamlet because when Claudius responds â€Å"Give me some light: away! † (Shakespeare 3. 2, 265) it is an admission that he, the King, and by association the whole of Denmark exists in â€Å"darkness† which is the darkness of social hypocrisy. Although hypocrisy is never actually justified in â€Å"Hamlet,† there is an interesting â€Å"reason† which is given in Act 4 of the play as to why people may be so easily led into hypocrisy and self-deception and that reason is: human mortality. When Hamlet observes of the dead that â€Å"There’s another: why may not that be the skull of a / lawyer? Where be his quiddities now, his quillets,/ his cases, his tenures, and his tricks? † (Shakespeare, 4. 1, 94-98) the reader or audience member realizes that the human hypocrisy portrayed throughout the play represents not only the lies and deceit necessary to facilitate human ambition in a corrupted society, but the human tendency to reject â€Å"cosmic† issues such as life and death and human spirituality in favor of materialism and worldly power. Works Cited Shakespeare, William. The Works of William Shakespeare Gathered into One Volume. New York: Oxford University Press, 1938.

Push and Pull Strategy Essay

Push Strategy A â€Å"push† promotional strategy makes use of a company’s sales force and trade promotion activities to create consumer demand for a product. The producer promotes the product to wholesalers, the wholesalers promote it to retailers, and the retailers promote it to consumers. A good example of â€Å"push† selling is mobile phones, where the major handset manufacturers such as Nokia promote their products via retailers such as Carphone Warehouse. Personal selling and trade promotions are often the most effective promotional tools for companies such as Nokia – for example offering subsidies on the handsets to encourage retailers to sell higher volumes. A â€Å"push† strategy tries to sell directly to the consumer, bypassing other distribution channels (e.g. selling insurance or holidays directly). With this type of strategy, consumer promotions and advertising are the most likely promotional tools. Pull Strategy A â€Å"pull† selling strategy is one that requires high spending on advertising and consumer promotion to build up consumer demand for a product. If the strategy is successful, consumers will ask their retailers for the product, the retailers will ask the wholesalers, and the wholesalers will ask the producers. A good example of a pull is the heavy advertising and promotion of children’s’ toys – mainly on television. Consider the recent BBC promotional campaign for its new pre-school program – the Fimbles. Aimed at two to four-year-olds, 130 episodes of Fimbles have been made and are featured everyday on digital children’s channel CBeebies and BBC2. As part of the promotional campaign, the BBC has agreed a deal with toy maker Fisher-Price to market products based on the show, which it hopes will emulate the popularity of the Tweenies. Under the terms of the deal, Fisher-Price will develop, manufacture and distribute a range of Fimbles products including soft, plastic and electronic learning toys for the UK and Ireland. In 2001, BBC Worldwide (the commercial division of the BBC) achieved sales of  £90m from its children’s brands and properties last year. The demand created from broadcasting of the Fimbles and a major advertising campaign is likely to â€Å"pull† demand from children and encourage retailers to stock Fimbles toys in the stores for Christmas 2002. Difference Between Push And Pull Strategy Push marketing is when you use various activities to get your message in front of your ideal client. The marketer is in control of what the message is, how it is seen, when and where. Marketing activities that encourage your prospect to seek you out and find out whether you have something of value to offer them. Pull marketing activities build relationships and can include blogging, podcasting, article marketing and networking (both on and offline). Pull marketing uses the law of attraction, incorporating all the components of your personal brand to attract and retain these people as your biggest fans. Pull marketing is where you develop advertising and promotional strategies that are meant to entice the prospect to buy your product or service. Some classic examples are â€Å"half off!† or â€Å"bring in this coupon to save 25%† or â€Å"buy one get one free†, etc. With pull marketing, you are trying to create a sense of increased, time limited value so that the customer will come into your store to buy. Pull is not about pulling consumers in; it’s about giving consumers a reason to pull us in. Remember truism #1 – they’re in control; they (not we) decide where they go and what they experience. We’ve lost the right to pull consumers anywhere (if we ever really had that right at all.) Pull means that we to go to them, join their communities, give them reasons to voluntarily draw us into their personal media experiences. We’re not interrupting them. They’re opting into us.